Summary of Activities
Fiscal Year 1998

 

Mathematical and Computational Sciences Division
Information Technology Laboratory
National Institute of Standards and Technology
 
January 8, 1999
 
Abstract

This document summarizes activities of the ITL Mathematical and Computational Sciences Division for FY 1998, including technical highlights, lists of publications, and examples of interactions.
 

Questions regarding this document should be directed to Ronald F. Boisvert.


Table of Contents

Background
Overview of Technical Program
Technical Highlights
Administrative Highlights
External Recognition

Publications
Conferences, Workshops and Lecture Series
Presentations
Electronic Products and Resources Released
Professional Activities
Outreach Activities
Staff
Abbreviations Used


Background

The mission of the Mathematical and Computational Sciences Division (MCSD) is

To provide analytical and computational methods for solving scientific, engineering, and information technology problems critical to American industry. Our customers are quite broadly based, including other ITL Divisions, other NIST Laboratories, the information technology industry in general, and the computational science research community in particular. Within the scope of our charter, we have set the following general goals. Since our charter is so broad, in order to succeed we must (a) take advantage of leverage provided via close collaborations with other NIST groups, other government agencies, and industrial organizations, (b) develop tools with the highest potential impact, (c) provide resources, education and training, and (d) select areas for direct external participation in domains that are fundamental and broadly based, especially those where measurement and standards can play a key role in the development of new products.

With these goals in mind, we have developed a technical program in three general areas.

  1. Mathematical modeling in the physical sciences and engineering, as well as problems in information technology.
  2. Development of techniques and tools for high-performance computing.
  3. Development and dissemination of mathematical reference information, especially for measurement and testing.
Most projects undertaken by the Division impact more than one of these areas.

Division staff maintain expertise in a wide variety of mathematical domains, including linear algebra, special functions, partial differential equations, computational geometry, Monte Carlo methods, optimization, and nonlinear dynamics. Application areas in which we are currently actively involved include materials science, fluid mechanics, electromagnetics, manufacturing engineering, wireless communications, optics, image analysis and computer graphics.

Output of Division work includes publications in refereed journals and conference proceedings, technical reports, lectures, short courses, software packages, and Web services. In addition, MCSD staff members participate in a variety of professional activities, such as refereeing manuscripts and proposals, service on editorial boards, conference committees, and offices in professional societies. Staff members are also active in educational and outreach programs for mathematics students at all levels.


Overview of Technical Program

A list of activities in each of the division focus areas follow. Note that individual projects may have complementary activities in each of these areas. For example, the micromagnetic modeling work has led to the OOMMF software package, as well as to a collection of standard problems used as benchmarks by the micromagnetics community.

Mathematical modeling in the physical sciences and engineering, as well as to problems in information technology.

Development of techniques and tools for high-performance computing. Development and dissemination of mathematical reference information, especially for measurement and testing. To complement these activities, we engage in short-term consulting with NIST scientists and engineers, conduct a lecture series, and sponsor shortcourses and workshops in relevant areas.
 

Technical Highlights

In this section, we highlight some of the significant accomplishments of MCSD this past year.

Java Numerics. Java has already made a huge impact on the computing industry. Recently there has been increased interest in the application of Java to high performance scientific computing. This has manifested itself in a major new activity for MCSD. At a well-attended Birds-of-a-Feather session on Java at the SC'97 conference in San Diego it was agreed that a formal community activity to evaluate Java for such applications should be undertaken. The Java Grande Forum (JGF) was the result. R. Boisvert and R. Pozo of MCSD became co-chairs of the JGF's Numerics Working Group at the Forum's first meeting in February 1998, where they presented a paper on the design of numerical libraries in Java. (A second working group on Concurrency and Applications, co-chaired by D. Gannon of Indiana University and D. Caromel of INRIA, was also created.) At that meeting, and during subsequent meetings in May and August hosted by Sun Microsystems, the working group developed a set of requirements for improvements to Java necessary to support high performance numerical computing. A preliminary report from the working group was issued in the fall and R. Boisvert presented the results at a Java Grande Forum Panel session at SC'98 in November. Some 20 individuals participated in the Numerics Working Group, representing companies such as Sun, IBM, Visual Numerics, the MathWorks, and NAG, as well as academic institutions such as the University of California at Berkeley, Syracuse University, Loyola University of Chicago, the University of North Carolina, and the University of Houston.
The Working Group's web page, developed and maintained by MCSD staff, has become the premier site for obtaining information about numerical computing in Java.

Another activity of the Numerics Working Group is the development of proposed standard Application Programmer Interfaces (APIs) for numerical computation in Java. To initiate this process, a team from NIST (R. Boisvert, B. Miller, R. Pozo and K. Remington) and the MathWorks (J. Hicklin, C. Moler and P. Webb) developed a class library for elementary numerical linear algebra called JAMA. A public-domain reference implementation for JAMA was released in August. It contains facilities for elementary matrix operations, as well as LU, Cholesky, QR, singular value and eigenvalue decompositions. More than 750 copies of the package have been downloaded from the MCSD Web site. Working Group participants from Visual Numerics and IBM also have proposed APIs with reference implementations for complex arithmetic, special functions and multidimensional arrays. APIs for interval arithmetic and multidimensional arithmetic are currently under development by other participants.

In a related effort, R. Pozo and B. Miller developed SciMark, a benchmark for numerical computing in Java. The benchmark, a Java applet, is a composite of an FFT, a Monte Carlo integration, a sparse matrix multiplication, a Gauss-Seidel iteration and a dense LU decomposition. Users can run the benchmark on their own system and submit the results for posting on the NIST SciMark web site.

New Competence Projects. MCSD staff members were included on two new 5-year competence projects awarded by the NIST Director's Office this year. A. Kearsley is one of the principal investigators for the NIST Competence Project on Wireless Communications led by the ITL Advanced Networking Technologies Division. His initial efforts have concentrated on applying optimization techniques to the selection of signal sets for wireless communications. C. Witzgall is one of the principal investigators for the NIST Competence Project on Bayesian Statistics led by the ITL Statistical Engineering Division. The project will develop new expertise in the application of Bayesian techniques to statistical questions in metrology.

OpenGL Adopts NIST Bindings. The Fortran 90 bindings for the OpenGL graphics library developed by W. Mitchell of MCSD were approved by the OpenGL Architecture Review Board (ARB) as the official OpenGL Fortran 90 interface. The bindings were also favorably reviewed by X3J3, the U.S. Fortran Standards Committee. OpenGL is a software interface for applications to generate interactive 2D and 3D computer graphics. OpenGL is designed to be independent of operating system, window system, and hardware operations, and is supported by many vendors, with products for computing platforms from PCs to supercomputers. The ARB is the governing board of OpenGL, and consists of members from a variety of companies with OpenGL products including Compaq, Evans & Sutherland, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Intel, Intergraph, Microsoft and Silicon Graphics.

Adoption of the OpenGL Fortran 90 bindings represents a significant development for scientific visualization in the Fortran community. Until now there has never been an industry standard for generating graphics from Fortran programs; instead, only proprietary libraries that support a limited number of systems have been available. With the new bindings, a Fortran programmer can write standard-conforming graphics applications that will be portable over most computing platforms.

In conjunction with this work, Mitchell has developed f90gl, a public domain reference implementation of the Fortran 90 bindings. Since its initial release two years ago, it has been downloaded approximately 2500 times. With the standardization of the bindings, it is anticipated that the rate will increase, and that vendors will use f90gl as the basis for their products. Several vendors have already expressed such interest, including Absoft, Avid Technology, Imagine1, Lahey Computer Systems, NASoftware, and Salford Software.

Release of New Modeling Packages. This year saw the initial release of two major object-oriented software packages for the study of material properties. The first, the Object-Oriented Micromagnetic Modeling Framework (OOMMF), permits the simulation of two-dimensional magnetic domains. Such codes are useful, for example, for characterizing the behavior of read-write heads for magnetic storage devices. Authored by M. Donahue and D. Porter of MCSD, OOMMF is being developed in association with the Micromagnetic Modeling Activity Group, a working group of industry, government and academic researchers interested in improving the state-of-the-art in micromagnetic modeling. OOMMF is designed as a public, highly modular, and portable code that can be used (a) to study micromagnetic systems, (b) to benchmark other codes, and (c) to collect community expertise via contributions of others. This work is being done in collaboration with the NIST Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory and the NIST Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory.

This year MCSD also released the initial version of OOF, the Object-Oriented Finite-element system for the modeling of real material microstructures. In contrast to the large-scale regular structures that existing commercial finite-element analysis systems address, materials scientists need to study small-scale and highly irregular microstructures. The interaction of pores, cracks and secondary material phases at the microscopic level can have a profound effect on macroscopic material properties, and materials scientists are in need of tools to study these effects. OOF, a system developed by S. Langer of MCSD, in collaboration with colleagues in the NIST Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, is just such a tool. Using OOF, a materials scientist can input a digitized micrograph of a real material, identify the various phases, assign material properties, and simulate material response to the application of external forces and temperatures, all with a highly interactive graphical user interface.

Digital Library of Mathematical Functions Prototype Released. This year MCSD staff, in collaboration with colleagues in the NIST Physics Lab, made significant progress in getting the Digital Library of Mathematical Functions (DLMF) project off the ground. The DLMF is designed to be a modern online successor to the classic Handbook of Mathematical Functions (M. Abramowitz and I. Stegun, eds., National Bureau of Standards, AMS 55, 1964). The DLMF will include formulas suitable for downloading into word processors and symbolic computing systems, 2D and 3D interactive graphics, and tables, some computed on demand, supported by extensive metadata and sophisticated search tools. The DLMF, incorporating the many developments of the past 35 years in the understanding of functions originally included in AMS 55, as well as information on a host of new functions that have emerged in importance in applications. Some 60 domain experts will be recruited to develop and verify the technical material under the direction of NIST editors D. Lozier, F. Olver, C. Clark (PL) and R. Boisvert, supported by 10 distinguished external associate editors. The DLMF Web site, along with a suite of physics application modules, will be developed by NIST staff. Significant resources and time will be required to complete this ambitious project. We expect the DLMF to be completed in the year 2003.

Among the significant accomplishments for this year was the development and release of a sample Web site for the project. The site contains a chapter on Airy functions developed by F.W.J. Olver, as well as a chapter on applications of Airy functions developed by C.W. Clark. Interactive 3D visualizations of the Airy functions based on VRML are also included. The associate editors for the project were selected and a first meeting of this group has been scheduled for early spring 1999. A proposal for the funding of external researchers to develop material for the DLMF was submitted jointly to the NSF Knowledge and Distributed Intelligence and Digital Libraries initiatives; other sources for external funding are being explored. Additional internal funding has been obtained from the MEL Systems Integration for Manufacturing Applications (SIMA) program, the ATP Adaptive Learning Systems program, and the TS Standard Reference Data Program.

Solution of Outstanding Dimer Covering Problem. Since 1938, physicists and mathematicians around the world have been trying to calculate a fundamental quantity known as the dimer constant. This year, the three-dimensional constant was obtained using a unique computational approach by I. Beichl of MCSD in collaboration with F. Sullivan at the IDA Center for Computing Sciences.

In two dimensions, computing the dimer constant is equivalent to calculating the growth rate for the number of ways to place dominoes on a checkerboard so that each domino covers two squares, there is no overlap, and the whole board is filled up. One wishes to find the limiting rate as the size of the checkerboard grows large. In three dimensions, the problem changes to the number of ways to fill a cube-checkerboard with bricks, where one brick covers exactly two sub-cubes, one red sub-cube and one black sub-cube. As in two dimensions, one wants the limiting rate as the cube-checkerboard grows. Enumerating such combinations is extremely difficult: there are more than 12 million for just the 8x8 checkerboard, for example.

Dimer constants provide essential information related to fundamental models of materials (where the dimer represents a pair of atoms). Dimer constants are factors in computing the partition function for the monomer-dimer system. From the partition function, all thermodynamic properties such as specific heat of a material can be computed from first principles. Thus, this work fulfills a NIST goal of measuring fundamental physical quantities of use to science and industry.

The two-dimensional constant was obtained analytically in 1961, while the three-dimensional problem has defied exact solution. The approximate solution by Beichl and Sullivan is based on the use of importance sampling techniques to estimate the permanent of a related matrix. The computed value, which comes with rigorous error bars, far exceeds the accuracy of any previously obtained result. This work was just recently accepted for publication in the Journal of Computational Physics. The techniques used for approximating the permanent are expected to have wide application.

Nonlinear Dynamics of High-Speed Metal Cutting. High-speed machining processes are increasingly important in modern manufacturing. However, such processes can lead to discontinuous chip formation that is strongly correlated with increased tool wear, degradation of the workpiece surface finish, and less accuracy in the machined part. T. Burns of MCSD is collaborating with M. Davies and C. Evans of the MEL Automated Production Technology Division to develop a new approach to modeling some high-speed machining processes that has the potential to predict the onset of discontinuities. They have treated some basic metal cutting operations as nonlinear dynamical systems that include a mechanism for thermomechanical feedback in the region where the tool tip and workpiece material are in contact. The resulting mathematical models share many similarities with models of open chemical reactors. In a paper published in the Annals of the CIRP, Burns, Evans and Davies showed that, as the cutting speed is increased, a bifurcation from steady-state to oscillatory behavior occurs in computer simulations, which is consistent with the change from continuous to segmented chip formation.

To obtain an analytical criterion for the material and cutting conditions at which this bifurcation occurs, the researchers developed a related but simpler lumped-parameter model. In a paper in Physical Review Letters, Burns and Davies demonstrated that a Hopf bifurcation provides a dimensionless group of parameters directly proportional to the cutting speed that predicts the onset of discontinuous chip formation, and is consistent with experimental observations on hardened steel and copper. Improvements in the models are in progress.

This research is providing improved mathematical models for computer simulation of manufacturing processes that involve high-speed cutting of materials. Industry can use this information to control and improve the machining processes. Burns and Davies were cited for this work in a joint NIST Bronze Medal awarded in December 1998.

Industry Workshops Hosted. MCSD hosted three industry workshops related to its technical work this year. The first was hosted by MCSD hosted on August 11-12 in Boulder, CO with government, academic and industrial participants to consider the formation of a consortium for the modeling of electromagnetic scattering. Spearheaded by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the effort follows recognition that recent advances in simulation methods for electromagnetics, centering primarily on the fast multipole method, now have the potential to achieve a dramatic impact on applied problems. These methods, developed in part by B. Alpert at NIST, can reduce the computational complexity and improve the potential accuracy of software for the solution of Maxwell's equations in quite general settings. Existing codes, developed primarily as research tools, must be extended and commercialized to achieve this potential. Industrial companies having a substantial stake in low-observable (stealth) technologies, namely Boeing, Lockheed-Martin, Northrup-Grumman, and Raytheon, sent representatives to the workshop to discuss how such a consortium could be structured. Applications beyond aircraft and missiles, including antennas, microelectronics, and optoelectronics, were also discussed. MCSD anticipates a continuing role in the formation of this consortium and helping to bring the benefits of these algorithmic advances into broad commercial use.

The second workshop was the regional meeting of the Micromagnetic Modeling Activity Group (muMAG) held at the NIST-Boulder Laboratories on August 27, 1998. MKE-Quantum co-sponsored the event, which drew about twenty-five participants including representatives from Maxtor Corporation, Roscamp Engineering and the University of Colorado, as well as from the NIST MSEL and EEEL. MuMAG is an organization of industrial, government and academic researchers investigating fundamental issues in micromagnetic modeling. Among their activities are the establishment of standard problems for testing micromagnetic simulation software, and the development of a public domain reference implementation of micromagnetic simulation software. The latter of these is the OOMMF package (described above), which MCSD's M. Donahue and D. Porter demonstrated at the workshop. The workshop included talks by industry representatives on the future micromagnetic modeling needs of the computer hard drive industry.

Finally, MCSD hosted a meeting of the BLAS Technical Forum in Gaithersburg on October 8-9, 1998. The forum is a consortium of industrial, academic and government partners who are developing interface standards for Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms (BLAS). The major aim of these standards is to enable linear algebra libraries to interoperate efficiently and easily. Obtaining high performance for core linear algebra operations is important since these form the performance-critical portion of many numeric applications. The BLAS for dense matrix operations in Fortran, which were developed by researchers in the 1980s, have been widely adopted by commercial software and hardware manufacturers. Subgroups within the forum are addressing extensions into new areas such as sparse matrices and extended precision arithmetic, as well as alternate language bindings for the legacy BLAS. The forum is chaired by Professor Jack Dongarrra of the University of Tennessee at Knoxville. Roldan Pozo of MCSD chairs the subcommittee on sparse BLAS, and MCSD is developing a reference implementation of this portion of the standard. The October meeting was attended by about 20 individuals, including representatives from Intel, Hewlett-Packard, Tera, NAG, Inc., Bell Labs, NIST, the University of Tennessee at Knoxville, the University of California at Berkeley, and Florida Tech.

Support of the NIST Computing Environment. Division staff continues to contribute to the high quality scientific computing environment for NIST scientists and engineers via short-term consulting related to mathematics, algorithms and software, and by the support of software libraries on central systems. Division staff maintains a variety of research-grade public-domain math software libraries on the NIST Central Computers (Cray, SGI Origin, IBM SP2, etc.), as well as for NFS mounting by individual workstations. Among the libraries supported are the NIST Core Math Library (CMLIB), the SLATEC library, the NIST Standards Time Series and Regression Package (STARPAC), and LAPACK. These libraries, as well as many others, are cross-indexed for ease of discovery in the Guide to Available Mathematical Software (GAMS), along with many other such resources, by MCSD. This year, a major effort was undertaken in implementing these libraries on the new NIST SGI Origin 2000 systems (in most cases many versions of the libraries are maintained to support a variety of compilation modes). This work is supported by the ITL High Performance Systems and Services Division.

R. Pozo has continued his work in the development and use of PC clusters for scientific computing. His JazzNet, a "personal supercomputer" built from inexpensive, but high-performance, Intel-based PCs running Linux and interconnected with fast ethernet and PVM and MPI for message passing, pioneered the use of such systems at NIST. JazzNet II containing18 processors, a fast ethernet switch and repeater, was built in late 1997 for a cost of about $50K. A variety of division applications have been ported to JazzNet, and the system has been used extensively for program development. Several companies have recently begun marketing rack-mounted PC clusters. JazzNet III will be one of these systems, with eight 400 MHz Pentium processors (for 3.2 Gflops peak performance), along with a combined 1 Gbyte of memory and 50 Gbytes of disk, all for about $14K. Three such clusters have been purchased for use in division projects. Because of the excellent price-performance of these systems, we expect to see many more such systems in the NIST Labs in the future.
  


Administrative Highlights

MCSD Division Chief Paul Boggs retired from NIST at the close of 1997. During the succeeding eight months ITL Director Shukri Wakid, and MCSD Group Leaders Ronald Boisvert and James Blue each served as Acting Division Chief for periods of time. In late August 1998 Ronald Boisvert was named the permanent Division Chief. Karin Remington was named the new leader of the Mathematical Software Group. Unfortunately, Remington decided to leave NIST in January 1999 to take a position with Celera Genomics.

The MCSD Compression Algorithms Group (CAG) is being merged with the Multimedia and Digital Video Technologies Group (MDVTG) of ITL's Advanced Networking Technologies Division (ANTD); the new group will reside in ANTD. The move was seen as beneficial to both divisions. The CAG was a very small group that was unlikely to grow significantly in MCSD. The CAG's work complements the program of MDVTG, as well as other interests of the ANTD, and merging the two groups is expected to provide increased synergy. Collaborative efforts underway with other MCSD staff are expected to continue.

In September 1998 NRC Postdoctoral Appointee Donald Porter was converted to a full-time permanent position in the MCSD Math Modeling Group. Finally, John Gary of MCSD in Boulder retired in December 1998 after 15 years of service at NBS/NIST.


External Recognition

Several staff members received significant awards this year. Anthony Kearsley was one of two NIST staff members selected to receive the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers from the National Science and Technology Council. The award is given to those who, while early in their careers, show exceptional potential for leadership at the frontiers of scientific knowledge during the twenty-first century. He was cited for his work in the application of optimization methods in a wide variety of areas. (Roldan Pozo of MCSD won this award in 1996.) Timothy Burns received the Department of Commerce's Bronze Medal for his joint work with Matt Davies of the NIST Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory on the modeling of high-speed metal cutting processes. Finally, G.W. (Pete) Stewart, a faculty appointee from the University of Maryland, received the Bauer Prize from the Technical University of Munich for his contributions to the field of numerical linear algebra.

Division staff members were also selected for service on various boards of professional societies this year, including the following.

Division staff members continue to serve on journal editorial boards. MCSD staff members continue to be active in publishing the results of their research. This year 58 publications appeared which were (co-)authored by Division staff, 30 of which appeared in refereed journals. In addition, 30 papers have been accepted, 21 of which will appear in refereed journals. Another 28 manuscripts have been submitted for publication and 32 are being developed.

MCSD staff members were also invited to give 33 lectures in a variety of venues and contributed an additional 23 talks at conferences and workshops.

Web resources developed by MCSD continue to be among the most popular at NIST. The MCSD Web server at math.nist.gov has serviced nearly 13 million Web hits since 1994. The NIST Guide to Available Mathematical Software (GAMS), a cross-index and virtual repository of mathematical software, is used more than 10,000 times each month. During a recent 36-month period, 34 prominent research-oriented companies in the .com domain registered more than 100 visits apiece to GAMS. The Matrix Market, a visual repository of matrix data used in the comparative study of algorithms and software for numerical linear algebra, sees more than 100 users each day. It has distributed more than 10 Gbytes of matrix data since its inception in 1996. Each of these Web services received Key Resource Awards from Links2Go this year. (Links2Go makes awards based solely upon analysis of the number of links to a given Web page in a given topic area.)
 


FY 1999 External Funding

MCSD receives a variety of funding to supplement the base STRS allocation obtained from the NIST Information Technology Laboratory. Funding for fiscal year 1999 includes the following. (For joint funding, the amount shown is MCSD's portion.)

External to NIST

  1. B. Alpert (joint with NYU), Time Domain Modeling Algorithms, DARPA, $174K.
  2. G. McFadden (joint with NIST Materials Science and Engineering Lab), Investigation of Flow Effects during Directional Solidification and Dendritic Growth, NASA, $137K.
  3. R. Boisvert (joint with the University of Tennessee at Knoxville and Bell Labs), Evolving Software Repositories, DARPA, $120K.
  4. C. Witzgall, Triangulated Irregular Networks, Army, $26K.
  5. D. Lozier and B. Fabijonas (joint with the Russian Academy of Sciences), Numerical Software for Mathematical Special Functions, U.S. Civilian Research and Development Foundation for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union (CRDF), $11K.
Other NIST Programs
  1. D. Lozier and R. Boisvert, Digital Library of Mathematical Functions, Systems Integration for Manufacturing Applications Program, NIST Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory, $100K.
  2. F. Hunt (joint with NIST Building and Fire Research Lab, NIST Physics Lab and NIST Manufacturing Engineering Lab), Advanced Methods and Models for Optical Reflectance and Scattering, NIST Competency Fund, $82K.
  3. D. Lozier and M. McClain, Adaptive Learning Module for Mathematical Functions, NIST Advanced Technology Program, $53K.
  4. A. Kearsley (joint with ITL Advanced Networking Technologies Division and the NIST Electronics and Electrical Engineering Lab), Wireless Communications, NIST Competency Fund, $51K.
  5. B. Alpert and A. O'Gallagher (joint with NIST Electronics and Electrical Engineering Lab and ITL High Performance Systems and Services Division), Rigorous Modeling of Optoelectronic Components for Manufacturing, NIST Advanced Technology Program, $41K.
  6. C. Witzgall (joint with ITL Statistical Engineering Division), Bayesian Statistics in Metrology, NIST Competency Fund, $41K.
  7. D. Lozier, Digital Library of Mathematical Functions, NIST Standard Reference Data Program, $40K.
  8. T. Burns (joint with NIST Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory), Mathematical Modeling of High-Speed Metal Cutting, NIST Advanced Technology Program, $25K.
Other ITL Programs
  1. R. Boisvert et al., Math Software Support, ITL High Performance Systems and Services Division (Supercomputing Funding), $425K.
  2. J. Blue et al., Math Modeling Support, ITL High Performance Systems and Services Division (Supercomputing Funding), $300K.
 



 
Appendices

Publications

Appeared

  1. N. Ahmad, A. Wheeler, W. Boettinger and G. McFadden, "Solute Trapping and Solute Drag in a Phase-Field Model of Rapid Solidification," Physical Review E 58 (1998) 3436-3450.
  2. D. M. Anderson, W. J. Boettinger, G. B. McFadden, and A. A. Wheeler, "A Phase-Field/Fluid Motion Model of Solidification: Investigation of Flow Effects During Directional Solidification and Dendritic Growth," in Proceedings of the Microgravity Materials Science Conference, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Al, July 14-16, 1998.
  3. I. Beichl and F. Sullivan, "Computational Methods in Random Surface Simulation," IMA Volumes in Mathematics and its Applications #103, Topology and Geometry in Polymer Science, ed. S. Whittington, D. Sumners, T. Lodge, 175-192.
  4. I. Beichl and F. Sullivan, "Interleave in Peace, or Interleave in Pieces," IEEE Computational Science and Engineering 5 (1998) no. 2, 92-96.
  5. I. Beichl and F. Sullivan, "Make Me a Match," IEEE Computational Science & Engineering 4 (1997) no. 4, 88-93.
  6. I. Beichl and F. Sullivan, "Monte Carlo time after time," IEEE Computational Science & Engineering 4 (1997) no. 3, 91-95.
  7. R. F. Boisvert, J. J. Dongarra , R. Pozo, K. A. Remington and G. W. Stewart, "Developing Numerical Libraries in Java," in Proceedings of the ACM 1998 Workshop on Java for High Performance Network Computing, February 28 - March 1, 1998, Palo Alto, California.
  8. R. F. Boisvert, J. J. Dongarra , R. Pozo, K. A. Remington and G. W. Stewart, "Developing Numerical Libraries in Java," Concurrency: Practice and Experience 10 (1998) 1117-1130.
  9. R. Braun, J. Cahn, G. McFadden, H. Rushmeier, and A. Wheeler, "Theory of Anisotropic Growth Rates in the Ordering of an fcc Alloy," Acta Materialia 46 (1998) 1-12.
  10. W. C. Carter, S. A. Langer, and E. R Fuller, "The OOF Manual, Version 1.0," NISTIR, September 1998.
  11. A. Chernov, P. Vekilov, S. Coriell, B. Murray, and G. McFadden, "Step Bunching: Influence of Impurities and Solution Flow," Proceedings of the Microgravity Materials Science Conference, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Al, July 14-16, 1998.
  12. S. Coriell and G. McFadden, "Morphological Stability During Melting," in Proceedings of the Solidification Microstructures Workshop, Zermatt, Switzerland, July, 1998.
  13. S. Coriell, G. McFadden, R. Sekerka, and W. Boettinger, "Multiple Similarity Solutions for Solidification and Melting," Journal of Crystal Growth 191 (1998) 573-585.
  14. S. R. Coriell, W. F. Mitchell, B. T. Murray, J. B. Andrews and Y. Arikawa, "Analysis of Monotectic Growth: Infinite Diffusion in the L2 Phase," Journal of Crystal Growth 179 (1997) 647--657.
  15. S. Coriell, B. Murray, A. Chernov, and G. McFadden, "Interface Morphology during Crystal Growth: Effects of Anisotropy and Fluid Flow," Proceedings of the Fourth Microgravity Fluid Physics and Transport Phenomena Conference, NASA Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, OH, August 12-14, 1998.
  16. S. R. Coriell, B. T. Murray, A. A. Chernov, and G. B. McFadden, "The Effect of a Shear Flow on the Morphological Stability of a Vicinal Face: Growth from a Super-Saturated Solution," Advances in Space Research 22 (1998) 1153-1158.
  17. S. T. Coyle, M. R. Scheinfein, and J. L. Blue, "Co on Stepped Cu(100) Surfaces: A Comparison of Experimental Data with Monte Carlo Growth Simulations," J. Vacuum Science and Technology A16 (1998) 1342-1347.
  18. S. T. Coyle, M. R. Scheinfein, and J. L. Blue, "Defect Induced Lowering of Activation Energies at Step Bands in Co/Cu(100)," Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998) 912-914.
  19. M. A. Davies, T. J. Burns, and C. J. Evans, "The Dynamics of Material Flow in Machining," Proceedings of the CIRP International Workshop on Modeling of Machining Operations, Atlanta GA., May 1998.
  20. D. S. Doermann, H. Li, and O. Kia, "The Detection of Duplicates in Document Image Databases," in Proceedings of the International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, Volume I, 314-318, 1997.
  21. M. J. Donahue, "A Variational Approach to Exchange Energy Calculations in Micromagnetics," Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998) 6491-6493.
  22. H. C. Elman and D. P. O'Leary, "Efficient Iterative Solution of the Three-Dimensional Helmholtz Equation," Journal of Computational Physics, 142 (1998) 163-181.
  23. B. Fabijonas and A. Lifschitz, "Asymptotic Analysis of Secondary Instabilities of Rotating Fluids," ZAMM: Z. Angew. Math. Mech. 78 (1998) 597-606.
  24. S. I. Gass, C. Witzgall, and H. H. Harary, "Fitting Circles and Spheres to Coordinate Measuring Machine Data," International Journal of Flexible Manufacturing Systems 10 (1998) 5-25.
  25. M. Gockenbach, A. Kearsley, and W. Symes, "An Infeasible Point Method for Minimizing the Lennard-Jones Potential," Computational Optimization and Applications 8 (1997) 273-286.
  26. D. P. Heyman and D. P. O'Leary, "Overcoming instability in computing the fundamental matrix for a Markov chain," SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications, 19 (1998) 534-540.
  27. J. A. Horst and I. Beichl, "A Simple Algorithm for Efficient Piecewise Linear Approximation of Space Curves," in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 97 (ICIP97), October 1997.
  28. F. Y. Hunt "Unique Ergodicity and the Approximation of Attractors and their Invariant Measures," Nonlinearity 11 (1998) 307-317.
  29. O. E. Kia, et al., "Symbolic Compression and Processing of Document Images, Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 70 (1998) 335-349.
  30. O. E. Kia and D. S. Doermann. "The Role of Compressed Document Images in Transmission and Retrieval," in IEEE First Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 331-336, 1997.
  31. O. E. Kia and D. S. Doermann, "Integrated Segmentation and Clustering for Enhanced Compression of Document Images," in Proceedings of the International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, Volume I, 406, 1997.
  32. O. E. Kia and D. S. Doermann, "OCR-based Rate-Distortion Analysis of Residual Coding," in Proceedings of the International Conference on Image Processing, Volume III, 690-693, 1997.
  33. T. Kolda, D. P. O'Leary, and L. Nazareth, "BFGS with Update Skipping and Varying Memory," SIAM Journal on Optimization, 8 (1998) 1060-1083. (http://epubs.siam.org/sam-bin/dbq/article/30645)
  34. T. G. Kolda and D. P. O'Leary, "Latent Semantic Indexing via a Semi-Discrete Matrix Decomposition," in The Mathematics of Information Coding, Extraction and Distribution, George Cybenko, Dianne P. O'Leary, and Jorma Rissanen, eds., IMA Volumes in Math. and Its Applications., Springer-Verlag, New York, 1999, 73-80.
  35. A. Lifschitz, T. Miyazaki, and B. Fabijonas, "A New Class of Instabilities of Rotating Flows," Eur. J. Mech. B/Fluids 17 (1998) 605-613.
  36. D. W. Lozier, "Book Review: G. Astfalk (Ed.), Applications on Advanced Architecture Computers," Mathematics of Computation 67 (1998) 456.
  37. D. W. Lozier, "Book Review: W.H. Press, et al., Numerical Recipes in Fortran 90," Mathematics of Computation 67 (1998) 448-449.
  38. D. W. Lozier, "Book Review: S. Zhang and J. Jin, Computation of Special Functions," Mathematics of Computation 67 (1998) 453-454.
  39. G. McFadden, Introduction to "A Microscopic Theory of Domain Wall Motion and Its Experimental Verification in Fe-Al Alloy Domain Growth Kinetics," by J. Cahn and S. Allen, in The Selected Works of John W. Cahn, edited by W. Craig Carter and William C. Johnson, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, 1998, 369-372.
  40. W. F. Mitchell, "The Full Domain Partition Approach to Distributing Adaptive Grids," Applied Numerical Mathematics 26 (1998) 265--275.
  41. W. F. Mitchell, "A Fortran 90 Interface for OpenGL: Revised January 1998," NISTIR 6134, January 1998.
  42. W. F. Mitchell, "A Parallel Multigrid Method Using the Full Domain Partition," Electronic Transactions on Numerical Analysis 6 (1998) 224-233.
  43. W. F. Mitchell, "The Refinement-Tree Partition for Parallel Solution of Partial Differential Equations, NIST Journal of Research," 103 (1998) 405-414.
  44. J. G. Nagy and D. P. O'Leary, "Restoring Images Degraded by Spatially-Variant Blur," SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, 19 (1998), 1063-1082.
  45. D. P. O'Leary, "Demystifying Graduate Study," selected by the IBM Total Quality Project and the University of Maryland Center for Teaching Excellence for inclusion in Essays on Quality Learning, Steven Selden, ed., 1998.
  46. D. O'Leary, H. Park, A. H. Sayed, and P. N. Shivakumar, "Preface," Linear Algebra and Its Applications Special Issue: Proceedings of the International Linear Algebra Society (ILAS) Symposium on Fast Algorithms for control, Signals, and Image Processing, June 6-8, 1997, Winnipeg, Canada, 284 (1998) 1.
  47. D. O'Leary, R. Plemmons, H. Schneider, and P. N. Shivakumar, "Winnipeg 1997 Conference Report," Linear Algebra and Its Applications Special Issue: Proceedings of the International Linear Algebra Society (ILAS) Symposium on Fast Algorithms for control, Signals, and Image Processing (6-8 June 1997), Winnipeg, Canada, 284 (1998) 357-359.
  48. D. Porter, "Analytical Determination of the LLG Zero-Damping Critical Switching Field," IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 34 (1998) 1663-1665.
  49. B. W. Rust, "Truncating the Singular Value Decomposition for Ill-Posed Problems," NISTIR 6131, 1998.
  50. J. Sauvola and O. Kia, "Hyperdocument Management for Compression, Transmission and Processing," in IEEE First Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 537-542, 1997.
  51. R. Turcajova, "Numerical condition of discrete wavelet transforms," SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. 18 (1997) 981-999.
  52. R. Wittmann, B. Alpert, and M. Francis, "Near-Field Antenna Measurements Using Nonideal Measurement Locations," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 46 (1998) 716-722.
  53. Y. Yacobi, G. McFadden, and E. Drescher-Krasicka, "Experimental Images of Maximal Shear Stresses in Diametrally Compressed MMC and Aluminum Disks," Proceedings of International Conference on Composites Engineering (ICCE/5), Las Vegas, Nevada, July 5-11, 1998.
  54. A. Youssef, "Analysis and Comparison of Various Image Downsampling and Upsampling Methods," in Proceedings of the Data Compression Conference, Snowbird, Utah, March 1998.
  55. A. Youssef, "Parallel Algorithms for Multi-indexed Recurrence Relations with Applications to DPCM Image Compression," in Proceedings of the Data Compression Conference, Snowbird, Utah, March 1998.
  56. A. Youssef, "Parallel Algorithms for Entropy-coding Techniques," Second European Parallel and Distributed Systems Conference (Euro-PDS98), Vienna, Austria, July 1998.
  57. A. Youssef, "An Efficient Parallel Algorithm for Multi-indexed Recurrence Relations with Applications to Compression of Multidimensional Signals," Second European Parallel and Distributed Systems Conference (Euro-PDS98), Vienna, Austria, July 1998.
  58. A. Youssef and A. Nakassis, "Moment-Preserving Modeling with Image Applications," in Proceedings of the 1998 International Conference on Imaging Science, Systems, and Technology (CISST'98).
Accepted
  1. B. Alpert, "Hybrid Gauss-Trapezoidal Quadrature Rules," SIAM J. Scientific Computing.
  2. I. Beichl and F. Sullivan, "Approximating the Permanent via Importance Sampling with Application to the Dimer Covering Problem," Journal of Computational Physics.
  3. P. Boggs, A. Kearsley, and J. Tolle, "Practical Algorithm for General Large Scale Nonlinear Optimization Problems," SIAM Journal on Optimization.
  4. R. F. Boisvert, "Program Libraries, Numerical and Statistical," in Encyclopedia of Computer Science, (David Hemmendinger, Anthony Ralston and Edwin D. Reilly, eds.), International Thomson Computer Press, Fourth Edition, 1998.
  5. E. Bradley, A. O'Gallagher, and J. Rogers, "Global Solutions for Nonlinear Systems Using Qualitative Reasoning," Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence.
  6. T. J. Burns, M. A. Davies and C. J. Evans, "On the bifurcation from continuous to segmented chip formation in metal cutting," in Numerical Methods for Bifurcation Problems and Large Scale Dynamical Systems, E. Doedel, et al. (eds.), IMA Volumes in Mathematics and its Applications, Springer-Verlag, New York.
  7. A. Carasso, "Linear and Nonlinear Image Deblurring: A Documented Study," SIAM J. on Numerical Analysis.
  8. A. Carasso, "Logarithmic Convexity and the Slow Evolution Constraint in Ill-Posed Initial Value Problems," SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis.
  9. S. Coriell, G. McFadden, and R. Sekerka, "Selection Mechanisms for Multiple Similarity Solutions for Solidification and Freezing," Journal of Crystal Growth
  10. M. A. Davies, T. J. Burns and C. J. Evans, "The Dynamics of Chip Formation in Machining," in Proceedings of the IUTAM (The International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics) Symposium of New Applications of Nonlinear and Chaotic Dynamics in Mechanics, July 27-August 1, 1977, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
  11. G. H. Golub, P. C. Hansen, D. P. O'Leary, "Tikhonov Regularization and Total Least Squares," SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications.
  12. M. A. Hamstad, J. Gary, and A. O'Gallagher, "Wideband Acoustic Emission Displacement Signals as a Function of Source Rise-Time and Plate Thickness," Journal of Acoustic Emission.
  13. O. Kia and D. Doermann, "Residual Coding in Document Image Compression," IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 1998.
  14. O. E. Kia and D. S. Doermann, "Document Image Coding for Processing and Retrieval," Journal of VLSI, special issue on Multimedia Signal Processing.
  15. H. Li, O. Kia, and D. Doermann, "Text Extraction, Enhancement and OCR in Digital Videos," in Proceedings of the International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems, 1998.
  16. H. Li, O. Kia, and D. Doermann, "Text Enhancement and OCR in digital Videos," in Proceedings of the SPIE - Document Recognition and Retrieval, 1998.
  17. O. Kia and J. Sauvola, "Active Documents for Mobile Services," in Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 1998.
  18. O. Kia and A. Schaff, "Data Representation and Handling for Large Image Browsing," in Proceedings of the SPIE - Multimedia Storage and Archiving Systems, 1998.
  19. M. E. Kilmer and D. P. O'Leary, "Pivoted Cauchy-Like Preconditioners for Regularized Solution of Ill-Posed Problems," SIAM Journal on Scientific Computations.
  20. T. G. Kolda and D. P. O'Leary, "A Semi-Discrete Matrix Decomposition for Latent Semantic Indexing in Information Retrieval," ACM Transactions on Information Systems.
  21. G. P. McCormick and C. Witzgall "Limits of SUMT Trajectories in Convex Programming," Mathematical Programming.
  22. W. F. Mitchell, "A Comparison of Three Fast Repartition Methods for Adaptive Grids," Proceedings of the Ninth SIAM Conference on Parallel Processing for Scientific Computing.
  23. D. P. O'Leary and G. W. Stewart, "New Rayleigh Quotient Method with Applications to Large Eigenproblems," Electronic Transactions on Numerical Analysis.
  24. W. H. Prosser, M. A. Hamstad, J. Gary, and A. O'Gallagher, "Reflections of AE Waves in Finite Plates: Finite Element Modeling and Experimental Measurements," Journal of Acoustic Emission
  25. Radka Turcajova, "Hermite spline wavelets for image modeling," in Proceedings of the SPIE Conference, Orlando, FL, April 1998.
  26. D. Williams, J. Rogers, and C. Holloway, "Multiconductor Transmission Line Characterization: Representations, Approximations, and Accuracy," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.
  27. R. Wittmann, B. Alpert, and M. Francis, "Planar Near-Field Antenna Measurements Using Nonideal Measurement Locations," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation.
  28. W. Wong-Ng, L. P. Cook, A. Kearsley, G. Lawrence and W. Greenwood, "Phase equilibrium of the (Bi,Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system pertaining to the 2212 and 2223 phases," in Proceedings of the International Workshop of High Temperatures Superconductors and Novel Inorganic Materials Engineering, Moscow State University, March 24-29, 1998 Moscow, Russia.
  29. W. Wong-Ng, Lawrence P. Cook, A. Kearsley,and W. Greenwood, "Phase equilibria of high Tc superconductors in the (Bi,Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system," in Proceedings of the 8th US-Japan Workshop on High Temperature Superconductors, Dec. 8-10, 1997, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL.
  30. A. Youssef, "Analysis and Comparison of Various Image Downsampling and Upsampling Methods," in Proceedings of the Data Compression Conference, Snowbird, Utah, March 1998.
Submitted
  1. B. Alpert, L. Greengard, and T. Hagstrom, "Rapid Evaluation of Nonreflecting Boundary Kernels for Time-Domain Wave Propagation," NIST Internal Report 5074, April, 1998, SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis.
  2. D. Anderson, W. Boettinger, G. McFadden, and A. Wheeler, "A Phase-Field Model of Solidification with Convection," Physica D.
  3. R. F. Boisvert, S. V. Browne, J. J. Dongarra, E. Grosse and B. Miller, "Interactive and Dynamic Content in Software Repositories," Information Retrieval.
  4. B. Fabijonas and F. W. J. Olver, "On the Reversion of an Asymptotic Expansion and the Zeros of the Airy Functions," SIAM Review.
  5. H. Grimm, S. Davis, and G. McFadden, "Kinetic Anisotropy and Long Waves," Physical Review E.
  6. C. H. Hseuh, P. F. Becher, E. R. Fuller, S.A. Langer, and W.C. Carter, "Analytical and Numerical Analyses for Two-Dimensional Stress Transfer," Acta Materialia.
  7. A. Kearsley, J. Macias, and D. Stephenson, "A Basic Reference State Suitable for Anomaly-Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Climate Models," Applied Mathematics Letters.
  8. O. E. Kia and D. S. Doermann, "Residual Coding in Document Image Compression," IEEE Transactions on Image Processing.
  9. H. Li, O. Kia, and D. Doermann, "Text Enhancement and OCR in Digital Videos," Proceedings of the SPIE - Document Recognition and Retrieval.
  10. S. A. Langer and A. J. Liu, "Sheared Foam as a Supercooled Liquid?" Physical Review Letters.
  11. A. M. Lapena, S. C. Glotzer, S. A. Langer, and A. J. Liu, "Effect of Ordering on Spinodal Decomposition of Liquid-Crystal/Polymer Mixtures," Physical Review Letters.
  12. M. McClain and C. Witzgall, "A Surface Energy Formula for a Hsieh-Clough-Tocher Element," NISTIR.
  13. R. D. McMichael, M. J. Donahue, D. G. Porter and J. Eicke, "Comparison of Magnetostatic Field Calculation Methods on 2-D Square Grids as Applied to Micromagnetic Standard Problem #2," Journal of Applied Physics.
  14. W. F. Mitchell, "The Fortran 90 Bindings for OpenGL," ACM Fortran Forum.
  15. W. F. Mitchell, "Dynamic Load Balancing with the Refinement-Tree Partition for Adaptive Multilevel Methods," Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing.
  16. A. Mukherjea, A. Nakassis, and J.S. Ratti, "On the Distribution of the Limit of Products of I.I.D. 2x2 Random Stochastic Matrices."
  17. A. Nakassis and A. Youssef, "Surface-fitting Modeling of Images: Theory and Applications," NISTIR.
  18. A. Nakassis, "Sur la modélisation des queues à priorités," Colloque Francophone sur l' Ingénierie des Protocoles, Nancy, Avril 1999.
  19. W. H. Prosser, M. A. Hamstad, J. Gary, and A. O'Gallagher, "Comparison of Finite Element and Plate Theory Methods for Predicting Acoustic Emission Waveforms," Journal of Acoustic Emission.
  20. J. Rogers, "Empirical Analysis of Economic Growth: Choosing between Least Squares Procedures," Journal of Econometrics.
  21. B. W. Rust, "Truncating the Singular Value Decomposition for Ill-Posed Problems," SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis.
  22. D. Williams and B. Alpert, "Causality and Microwave Circuit Theory," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.
  23. A. Youssef, "Parallel Algorithms for Multi-indexed Recurrence," Euro-PDS '98.
 In Process
  1. B. Alpert, G. Beylkin, D. Gines, and L. Vozovoi, "Toward Adaptive Solution of Partial Differential Equations in Multiwavelet Bases."
  2. I. Beichl and F. Sullivan, "The Importance of Importance Sampling."
  3. I. Beichl and F. Sullivan, "A Practical Data Compression Method."
  4. J. Bernal and C. Witzgall, "Triangulation-based L1-fitting of Terrain Surfaces," NISTIR.
  5. J. Bernal, "Lexicographical Manipulations for Correctly Computing Regular Tetrahedralizations with Incremental Topological Flipping."
  6. J. L. Blue, "Kinetic Simulations of Crystal Growth with (Nearly) Realistic Physics."
  7. R. Braun, J. Zhang, J. Cahn, G. McFadden, and A. Wheeler, "Multiple-Order-Parameter Theory with a Model Phase Diagram for an FCC Alloy."
  8. T. J. Burns and M. A. Davies, "Singular Hopf Bifurcation from Continuous to Segmented Chip Formation in High-Strain-Rate Machining."
  9. L. Cowsar and A. Kearsley, "A Preconditioned Multigrid Algorithm for Computing Magnetic Fields for Micromagnetic Applications."
  10. B. Fabijonas, D. W. Lozier and F. W. J. Olver, "Subroutines for Evaluating the Solutions of Airy and Scorer Functions for Complex Arguments."
  11. B. Fabijonas, D. W. Lozier and F. W. J. Olver, "Reference Software for the Computation of Airy and Scorer Functions."
  12. M. A. Hamstad, J. Gary, and A. O'Gallagher, "Modeling of Buried Acoustic Emission Monopole and Dipole Sources with a Finite Element Technique."
  13. F. Y. Hunt, "Finite Precision Representation of the Conley Decomposition."
  14. A. Kearsley and M. Gockenbach, "An Infeasible Point Method for Constructing Interpoint Distances from Data with Errors."
  15. A. Kearsley and C. Lawrence, "A New Matrix-Free Interior Point Algorithm for Large-Scale Spherically Constrained Quadratic Programs."
  16. A. Kearsley and G. McFadden, "Numerical Solution of a Constrained Problem for a Phase Field Model."
  17. A. Kearsley and J. Rogers, "The Orthogonal Distance Solution for Parameter Identification."
  18. S. A. Langer, W. C. Carter, and E. R. Fuller, "PPM2OOF 1.0: The Manual."
  19. S. A. Langer, S. Tewari, and A. J. Liu, "Velocity Fluctuations in a Flowing Foam."
  20. S. A. Langer, S. Tewari, and A. J. Liu, "Avalanches and Rearrangements in the Bubble Model of Sheared Foams."
  21. J. Lawrence and C. Witzgall, "A Paradigm for Homothetic Inscription."
  22. J. Lawrence and C. Witzgall, "A Superadditive Function for Triangle Partitions."
  23. W. F. Mitchell, "The K-way Refinement Tree Partitioning Method for Adaptive Grids."
  24. J. E. Rogers and A. J. Kearsley, "The Orthogonal Distance Solution for Parameter Identification."
  25. J. E. Rogers, A. J. Kearsley and P. T. Boggs, "A Robust Algorithm for Approximately Solving Quadratic Programming Subproblems in the Solution of Nonlinear Optimization Problems."
  26. J. E. Rogers, et al., "StRD: Statistical Reference Datasets for Assessing the Numerical Accuracy of Statistical Software."
  27. J. E. Rogers, "Public Policy and Economic Growth in the United States: An Empirical Study."
  28. B. W. Rust and J. R. Lowney, "Correcting for Beam Broadening in Scanning Electron Microscopy," invited paper to be published in the journal Scanning.
  29. B. W. Rust and D. P. O'Leary, "FORTRAN Subroutines for Computing Nonnegatively Constrained Confidence Interval Estimates for Ill-Posed Problems."
  30. E. Della Torre and M. J. Donahue, "A New Finite Element Approach for Micromagnetics."
  31. R. Turcajova and V. Strella, "Two Ways of Constructing Hermite Spline Multiwavelets."
  32. J. Willis, F. Sabina, G. McFadden, and E. Drescher-Krasicka, "Acoustic Microscopy of Stress. I. Longitudinal Mode."
  

Conferences, Workshops and Lecture Series
 

  1. W. Mitchell, Short course on Fortran 90 for Fortran 77 Programmers, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, June-July 1998.
  2. Electromagnetics Workshop, NIST, Boulder, CO, August 11-12, 1998.
  3. Regional Workshop of the Micromagnetics Activity Group, NIST, Boulder, CO, August 27, 1998.
  4. BLAS Technical Forum meeting, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, October 8-9, 1998.
MCSD Division Seminar Series
  1. Paul F. Fischer, "An Overlapping Schwarz Method for Spectral Element Solution of the Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations," October 10, 1997.
  2. David Eyre, "An Unconditionally Stable One-Step Scheme for Gradient Systems," October 23, 1997.
  3. Jaakko Sauvola, "Distributed Test Management: A Networked Multimedia," October 24, 1997.
  4. Roland Glowinski, "On the Numerical Simulation of Particulate Flow," October 30, 1997.
  5. Bruce Fabijonas, "Secondary Instabilities of Linear Flows with Elliptic Streamlines," November 18, 1997.
  6. Roldan Pozo, "Using PC Clusters for Scientific Computing: Do They Really Work?" March 11, 1998.
  7. Michael Mascagni, "SPRNG: A Scalable Library For Pseudorandom Number Generation," March 23, 1998.
  8. Mitsuhisa Sato, "COMPaS: PC-Based SMP Cluster and Its Experience," April 6, 1998.
  9. F. Desprez and Y. Robert, "Parallel Computing with HPF/ScaLAPACK/SciLab," May 26, 1998.
  10. Samuel J. Lomonaco, "An Overview of Quantum Computation: Concept and Intuition," July 22, 1998.
  11. James Gosling, "Java: Past, Present and Future," August 19, 1998.
  12. Christopher E. Elmer, "Solutions to Nonlinear Bistable Differential-Difference Equations," August 21, 1998.
  13. Ron Boisvert, "Developing Numerical Libraries in Java," September 15, 1998.
  14. Dianne O'Leary, "Chromosome Identification and Other Data Mining Problems," September 29, 1998.
DLMF Seminar Series
  1. Ulrich Jentschura, "Evaluation of Special Functions using Convergence Acceleration," October 8, 1997.
  2. Philip J. Davis, "Mathematical Tables: From Clay Tablets to Web Sites," December 8, 1997.
  3. Ernst Joachim Weniger, "Nonlinear Sequence Transformations: A Computational Tool for Special Functions," March 12, 1998.
  4. Daniel Zwillinger, "Creating Electronic Technical Books," June 5, 1998.
  5. Prof. Dr. Peter Paule, "Hypergeometric Summation: Tables and Algorithms," September 21, 1998.
  6. Dr. Robert E. Turner, "The Practical Use of the Digital Library of Mathematical Functions in the Industrial Environment," December 7, 1998.
 

Presentations

Invited Talks

  1. B. Alpert, "Nonreflecting Boundary Conditions for Acoustic and Electromagnetic Wave Propagation," Center for Computational Electromagnetics, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, February 24, 1998.
  2. B. Alpert, "Exact Nonreflecting Boundary Conditions for the Time-Dependent Wave Equation," DARPA workshop on Microwave Analog Front-End Technology (MAFET), Fairfax, Virginia, October 30-31, 1998.
  3. I. Beichl, "Approximating the Permanent with Importance Sampling," Johns Hopkins University, Mathematical Science Dept., February 26, 1998.
  4. I. Beichl, "Approximating the Permanent with Importance Sampling," University of Maryland, Physics Dept, March 3, 1998.
  5. I. Beichl, "Approximating the Permanent with Importance Sampling," University of Maryland, Computer Science Dept, May 4, 1998.
  6. J. Blue, "Being the Best in the World in Mathematical Modeling" NIST Best in the World Series, June 25, 1998.
  7. R. F. Boisvert, "Developing Numerical Libraries in Java," Workshop on Computational Science in the 21st Century, University of Patras, Greece, May 21, 1998.
  8. R. F. Boisvert, "Report of the Numerics Working Group," Java Grande Panel, SC'98, Orlando, FL, November 8, 1998.
  9. T. Burns, "On the Dynamics of Chip Formation in Machining," Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, April 23, 1998.
  10. T. Burns, "On the Dynamics of Chip Formation in Machining," Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, April 28, 1998.
  11. T. Burns, "Modeling and Simulation of Some High-Speed Manufacturing Processes," Industrial Mathematics Seminar, Institute for Mathematics and its Applications, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, May 1, 1998.
  12. A. S. Carasso, "Image Deblurring Research," National Security Agency, Ft Meade, MD, November 3, 1997
  13. A. S. Carasso, "Image Deblurring Research," DARPA, Arlington, VA, November 17, 1997.
  14. B. Fabijonas, "Secondary Instabilities of Linear Flows with Elliptic Streamlines," MCSD Colloquium Series, NIST, November 1997.
  15. A. Kearsley, "Using Parallelism in Optimization Algorithms," Department Seminar, United States Naval Academy, Department of Mathematics, Annapolis, Maryland, Febraury 20, 1998.
  16. A. Kearsley, "Calculations Involving Materials on a Network of Personal Computers," Departmental Seminar, University of Houston, Department of Mathematics, March 2, 1998, Houston, Texas.
  17. A. Kearsley, "Optimization on a Network of Workstations - Computational Experience," COMPAQ Computers, Houston, Texas, March 3, 1998.
  18. A. Kearsley, "Optimal Signal Sets for Non-Gaussian Detectors," Texas Instruments, Houston, Texas, March 5, 1998.
  19. A. Kearsley, "On Using Parallel Optimization Algorithms for Calculating Optimal Well Placement," Exxon Research and Development, Houston, Texas, March 6, 1998.
  20. S. A. Langer, "Temperature of a Flowing Foam," Conference on Jamming and Rheology: Constrained Dynamics on Microscopic and Macroscopic Scales, Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, October 1997.
  21. S. Langer, "Effective Temperature of a Flowing Foam", at CPiP'98: Collective Phenomena in Physics, University of the West Indies, Barbados, January 7, 1998.
  22. S. Langer, "Effective Temperature of a Flowing Foam", Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, CA. January 29, 1998.
  23. G. McFadden, "A Phase-Field Model of the Rapid Solidification of a Binary Alloy," Mathematics Department Colloquium, Carnegie Mellon University, February 20, 1998.
  24. G. McFadden, "A Phase-Field Model of the Rapid Solidification of a Binary Alloy," Applied Mathematics Colloquium, Northwestern University, April 20, 1998.
  25. W. F. Mitchell, "Full Domain Partitions to Reduce Communication in Parallel PDE Solvers," Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, February 13, 1998.
  26. W. F. Mitchell, "Full Domain Partitions to Reduce Communication in Parallel PDE Solvers," Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, September 17, 1998.
  27. A. Nakassis, "Image Compression and Related Topics," San Jose State University, February 3, 1998.
  28. A. Nakassis, "Entropy and Arithmetic Coding," University of South Florida, September 12, 1998.
  29. R. Pozo, "Scientific Computing on Clusters of Linux PCs: Do They Really Work?" DC Chapter of the Linux Users Group, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, June 24, 1998.
  30. B. Prosser, J. Gary, A. O'Gallagher, and M. Hamstad, "Reflections of AE Waves in Finite Plates: Finite Element Modeling and Experimental Measurements," Perf 95-11: Advanced AE for On-Stream Inspection, September 1998.
  31. K. Remington, "Careers and Career Planning for Women in Mathematics," SIAM Annual Meeting, Toronto, Canada, July 1998.
  32. B. Saunders, "Using Numerical Grid Generation to Solve Partial Differential Equations on an Arbitrarily Shaped Domain," Howard University, Washington, D.C., February 20, 1998.
  33. C. Witzgall, ‘Limits of SUMT Trajectories in Convex Programming," Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, February 5, 1998.
  34. C. Witzgall, "Are TIN Methods Settled?" Terrain Week, a DARPA sponsored workshop in Austin, TX, May 21, 1998.
Conference Presentations
  1. B. Alpert, "Nonreflecting Boundary Conditions for Acoustic and Electromagnetic Wave Propagation," SIAM and INRIA Conference on Mathematical and Numerical Aspects of Wave Propagation, Golden, Colorado, June 2, 1998.
  2. B. Alpert, "Nonreflecting Boundary Conditions: Developments and Comparisons," DARPA Applied and Computational Mathematics Program PI meeting, June 24, 1998.
  3. R. F. Boisvert, "NIST Interest in Java for Numerical Computing," Java Birds of a Feather Session, SC 97, San Jose, CA, November 1997.
  4. R. F. Boisvert and R. Pozo, "Developing Numerical Libraries in Java," ACM 1998 Workshop on Java for High Performance Network Computing, Palo Alto, California, February 28, 1998.
  5. T. Burns, "A New Model for Chip Dynamics in Machining," 35th Annual Technical Meeting of the Society of Engineering Science, Pullman, Washington, September 30, 1998.
  6. S. Coriell, B. T. Murray, A. A. Chernov, and G. McFadden, "Interface Morphology During Crystal Growth: Effects of Anisotropy and Fluid Flow," NASA 4th Microgravity Fluid Physics and Transport Phenomena Conference, Cleveland, OH, August 1998.
  7. M. J. Donahue, "OOMMF Micromagnetics Public Code Project," muMag Workshop, MMM/Intermag '98, January 6, 1998.
  8. M. J. Donahue, "A Variational Approach to Exchange Energy Calculations in Micromagnetics," MMM/Intermag '98, January 7, 1998.
  9. Bruce Fabijonas, "The Computation of Special Functions: the Airy Function," 5th Annual Sigma Xi Postdoctoral Poster Presentation, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, Feb. 1998.
  10. B. R. Fabijonas, "Real and Complex Zeros of the Airy Functions," Poster Session at the East Coast Computer Algebra Day, April 25, 1998.
  11. B. R. Fabijonas, D. W. Lozier, and F. W. J. Olver, "Computation of Scorer Functions," SIAM Annual Meeting, Toronto, Canada, July 16, 1998.
  12. M. A. Hamstad, J. Gary, and A. O'Gallagher, "Wideband Acoustic Emission Displacement Signals as a Function of Source Rise-Time and Plate Thickness," International Acoustic Emission Conference, Hawaii, August 1998.
  13. J. A. Horst and I. Beichl, "A Simple Algorithm for Efficient Piecewise Linear Approximation of Space Curves," IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 97 (ICIP97) October 1997.
  14. D. Johns and B. W. Rust, "Parameter Identification for Nonlinear Systems with Measurement Error," 1997 Mid-Atlantic Regional Probability and Statistics Day, Applied Physics Laboratory, October 18, 1997.
  15. T. G. Kolda and D. P. O'Leary, Outstanding Poster Award for "Overview of the Semi-Discrete Matrix Decomposition and Its Applications," Sixth SIAM Conference on Applied Linear Algebra, Snowbird, Utah, October 1997.
  16. D. W. Lozier, F. W. J. Olver, and C. W. Clark, "The NIST Digital Library of Mathematical functions," SIAM Annual Meeting, Toronto, Canada, July 14, 1998.
  17. G. McFadden, "A phase field model with convection," NASA Materials Science Conference, Huntsville, AL, July 1998.
  18. W. F. Mitchell, "Full Domain Partitions to Reduce Communication in Parallel PDE Solvers," Symposium on Adaptive Methods for Partial Differential Equations, Salt Lake City, Utah, June 24, 1998.
  19. D. Porter, "OOMMF: Public Domain Micromagnetic Software," 7th Joint MMM-Intermag Conference, San Francisco, January 7, 1998.
  20. D. Porter, "Analytical Determination of the LLG Zero-Damping Critical Switching Field," 7th Joint MMM-Intermag Conference, San Francisco, January 8, 1998.
  21. R. Pozo, "Proposal Update for the Sparse BLAS Standard," BLAS Technical Forum, Knoxville, TN, December 1997.
  22. B. W. Rust and J. R. Lowney, "Correcting for Beam Broadening in Critical Dimension Metrology," Scanning 98, Baltimore, MD, May 12, 1998.
  23. Y. Yacobi , G. McFadden , "Distribution of Maximal Shear Stresses in Diametrically Compressed MMC and Aluminium Disks" 5th International Conference on Composites Engineering, Las Vegas, NV, July 1998.

Electronic Products and Resources Released

  1. f90gl, version 1.1, June 1998, W. Mitchell, http://math.nist.gov/f90gl/. (A reference implementation of the Fortran 90 bindings for OpenGL.)
  2. GAMS, R. Boisvert, M. McClain and B. Miller, http://math.nist.gov/gams/. (The Guide to Available Mathematical Software is a cross-index and virtual repository of mathematical software components of use in computational science and engineering.)
  3. JAMA, initial release, August 1998, R. Boisvert, J. Hicklin, B. Miller, C. Moler, R. Pozo, K. Remington, and P. Webb, http://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/. (A proposed Java API for numerical linear algebra, including a reference implementation.)
  4. Java Numerics Web Pages, March 1998, R. Boisvert, R. Pozo and K. Remington, http://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/. (A resource for information on numerical computing in Java and the home of the Java Grande Forum Numerics Working Group.)
  5. Matrix Market, R. Boisvert, B. Miller, R. Pozo and K. Remington, http://math.nist.gov/MatrixMarket/. (A visual database of matrix test data of use in comparative studies of algorithms.)
  6. OOMMF, beta release, September 1998, M. Donahue and D. Porter, http://math.nist.gov/oommf/. (The Object-Oriented Micromagnetic Framework includes a 2D micromagnetic solver engine, an interactive editor for micromagnetic problems, a vector field display application, a data graphing application, and several other support tools.)
  7. OOF, version 1.0, September 1998, S. Langer and E. Fuller, http://www.ctcms.nist.gov/~wcraig/oof/. (An Object-Oriented Finite element analysis program for modeling the microstructure of composite materials.)
  8. TNT, version 0.9, June, 1998, R. Pozo, http://www.math.nist.gov/tnt/. (The Template Numerical Toolkit collection of mathematical libraries for numerical computation in C++, which includes vectors, matrices, and multidimensional arrays.)

Professional Activities

Division staff provided refereeing services for the following publications:

Division staff reviewed research proposals for the following programs: In particular, staff served on the following review panels: Division staff serves on a number of editorial boards: Division staff serve on a number of boards of professional societies: Division staff served on the organizing committees of a number of external activities:

Outreach Activities

MCSD staff members participated in a variety of outreach activities during the year, including the following.

  

Staff

MCSD consists of full time permanent staff located at NIST laboratories in both Gaithersburg, MD and Boulder, CO. This is supplemented with a variety of faculty appointments, guest researchers, postdoctoral appointments, and student appointments. The following list reflects the status at the end of 1998.

Legend: FA = Faculty Appointee, GR = Guest Researcher, PD = Postdoctoral Appointee, S = Student.

Division Staff

Ronald Boisvert, Chief
Roldan Pozo
Robin Bickel, Secretary
Joyce Myrick, Secretary
Peggy Liller, Clerk
Jeffrey Fong, GR
Mathematical Modeling Group
James Blue, Leader
Timothy Burns
Alfred Carasso
Michael Donahue
Fern Hunt
Anthony Kearsley
Stephen Langer
Geoffrey McFadden
Donald Porter
John Gary, Boulder Project Leader
Bradley Alpert (Boulder)
Agnes O'Gallagher (Boulder)
Richard Braun, F
Bruce Murray, GR
Dianne O'Leary, F
Susan Han, S
Mathematical Software Group
Karin Remington, Leader
Daniel Lozier
Marjorie McClain
Bruce Miller
William Mitchell
Bert Rust
Bonita Saunders
Brianna Blazer, S
Paul Johnson, S
Frank Olver, GR
Bruce Fabijonas, PD
Yuri Rappoport, GR
G.W. Stewart, FA
Optimization and Computational Geometry Group
Ronald Boisvert, Acting Leader
Isabel Beichl
Javier Bernal
Janet Rogers (Boulder)
Christoph Witzgall
Theodore Einstein, GR
Saul Gass, FA
Alan Goldman, GR
Craig Lawrence, S
James Lawrence, FA
Chum Lee, S
Robert Schnabel (Boulder), GR
Francis Sullivan, GR
Compression Algorithms Group
Anastase Nakassis, Leader
Omid Kia
Remigius Onyschczak
Alexandre Schaff, GR
Radka Turcajova, GR
Abdou Youssef, FA
Recent Former Staff
Paul Boggs, Division Chief, Retired, now at Sandia National Labs Livermore
Eleazer Bromberg, Retired
Robert Lipman, transferred to BFRL

Abbreviations Used in this Report

ACM Association for Computing Machinery
ATP NIST Advanced Technology Program
BLAS Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms
BFRL NIST Building and Fire Research Laboratory
CSTL NIST Chemical Sciences and Technology Laboratory
EEEL NIST Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory
ITL NIST Information Technology Laboratory
MCSD ITL Mathematical and Computational Sciences Division
MEL NIST Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory
MSEL NIST Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory
NRC National Research Council
NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology
PL NIST Physics Laboratory
SIAM Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
SIMA MEL Systems Integration for Manufacturing Applications
SIGNUM ACM Special Interest Group in Numerical Mathematics
SRDP TS Standard Reference Data Program
TS NIST Technology Services
VRML Virtual Reality Modeling Language


Photo Captions

  1. Fern Hunt inspects a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the microstructure of a metallic paint used in automobile coatings. M. McKnight (BFRL), T. Vorburger (MEL), and M. Nadal (PL) discuss a piece of an automobile from which the SEM sample was taken. The project combines optical and microstructural measurements as part of a multi-laboratory effort to develop measurement sciences for optical reflectance and scattering.
  2. Ron Boisvert, Marge McClain and B. Miller plan improvements to the Guide to Available Mathematical Software (GAMS), a cross-index and virtual repository of software components for computational science and engineering developed by MCSD.
  3. Don Porter and Mike Donahue, who are developing a public code for micromagnetic modeling, confer with R. McMichael of MSEL on experimental verification.
  4. Roldan Pozo and Karin Remington check the performance of the NIST Sparse BLAS, the reference implementation of an emerging standard for basic operations on sparse matrices.